Ótima aula de psicofarmacologia (em inglês)

Objectives ~ Define Neurobiology ~ For the following neurotransmitters, Dopamine, GABA, Serotonin, Acetylcholine, identify ~ Their mechanism of action/purpose ~ Where they are found ~ Symptoms of excess & insufficiency ~ Nutritional building blocks Dopamine ~ Mechanism of action/purpose ~ movement ~ memory ~ pleasurable reward ~ behavior and cognition ~ attention ~ inhibition of prolactin production ~ sleep ~ mood ~ learning Norepinepherine ~ Function ~ Fight or flight excitatory neurotransmitter ~ Implicated in motivation ~ Symptoms of Insufficiency ~ When faced with severe stress, the stress response system activates raising norepinephrine and stress hormones ~ This increases arousal, increases insomnia, anxiety, depression, irritability, or emotional instability. ~ Prolonged stress leads to underactivity of the stress response system (desensitization) ~ This lowers arousal and can result in low energy, daytime fatigue, concentration/focus issues, and general apathy. Glutamate ~ Is an amino acid (present in most high protein foods) ~ Most prevalent excitatory neurotransmitter ~ Used to make GABA (teeter-totter) ~ Facilitates learning and memory ~ Excess glutamate is associated with ~ Panic attacks / anxiety ~ Impulsivity ~ OCD ~ Depression GABA ~ Mechanism of action/purpose ~ Anti-anxiety, Anti-convulsant ~ GABA is made from glutamate ~ GABA functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter ~ GABA does the opposite and tells the adjoining cells not to “fire” ~ Where is it found ~ Close to 40% of the synapses in the human brain work with GABA and therefore have GABA receptors Serotonin ~ Mechanism of action/purpose ~ Helps regulate ~ Mood ~ Sleep patterns ~ Appetite ~ Pain Acetylcholine ~ Mechanism of action/purpose ~ In lower amounts, ACh can act like a stimulant by releasing norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA). ~ Memory ~ Motivation ~ Higher-order thought processes ~ Sexual desire and activity ~ Sleep Summary ~ There are a variety of different neurotransmitters involved in addiction and mental health disorders ~ It is not always about increasing a neurotransmitter. Sometimes you need to decrease it. ~ Human brains try to maintain homeostasis and too much or too little can be bad ~ A balanced diet will provide the brain the necessary nutrients in synergystic combinations Think about ~ A client who presents with apathy/loss of pleasure, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating

Referência:

Neurobiology Understanding the Big 6 Neurotransmitters

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oV5LTOPO7rc